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Как научить ребенка быстро считать в уме

Как научить ребенка быстро считать в уме

Подготовка ребёнка к школе включает в себя развитие речи, базового чтения и навыков счёта. Каждый родитель хочет, чтобы его чадо научилось считать, как можно быстрее. И для реализации этого плана есть несколько рекомендаций.

Какой возраст оптимален для начала обучения

Когда ребёнку исполняется три, его мозг начинает активно познавать мир и оптимизировать информацию. Именно в этот период и стоит обратиться к цифрам: для малыша это будет не только полезно, но и интересно. Главное, чтобы процесс учёбы не сильно давил на неокрепшую психику, для чего существуют специальные развивающие упражнения.

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Следует начинать ознакомления со счётом на примере игр, чтобы заинтересовать малыша. В первые дни продолжительность уроков, состоящих из нескольких этапов, не должна превышать десяти минут. Все задачи должны соответствовать уровню полученных навыков и к каждому решению следует находить реальный пример из жизни. Считать можно всё: животных на улице, доски на заборе, автомобили во дворе и даже столовую посуду.

Понимание информации у ребёнка происходит по такому алгоритму:

  • Привыкание.
  • Понимание задачи.
  • Усвоение в памяти пройденного материала.

Распространённые и эффективные способы обучения счёту

Самый простой предмет – это руки. Использование пальцев для подсчёта дополнительно развивает моторику движений, а также помогает ребёнку использовать всегда доступную шпаргалку. Яркие и весёлые игрушки, наборы для развития детей, включая печатные издания, являются незаменимыми инструментами в обучении.

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Это могут быть кубики с числами на гранях, таблички с изображениями предметов или некоторым количеством точек, которые нужно посчитать.

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Считать до 10 можно научить малыша уже в 3 года. Две руки, две ноги – это четыре конечности. 5 пальцев на левой и правой руке – 10 предметов. Элементарные операции сравнения ребёнок также должен усвоить. Задачи по типу «У кого больше яблок…» считаются в этом деле универсальными. Сложение и вычитание чисел также можно освоить при помощи пальцев.

После усвоения материала понадобится обучение счёту до 20. «К каждой цифре подставляется окончание –надцать» – что и нужно объяснить ребёнку. Счёт в обратном порядке также предстоит учесть. По достижении 5-летнего возраста нужно переходить на этап «устного» обучения. Весь процесс зацикливается на запоминании названий чисел и результатов арифметических операций. Оттачивание навыков и постоянное повторение материала делают методику обучения быстрому счёту эффективной.

Рекомендации специалистов

Реакция малыша на отдельные этапы обучения позволяет понять, насколько он в этом заинтересован. Если проявляется апатия и раздражительность, лучше применить более щадящий метод. Наука быстрого оперирования цифрами подразумевает строгую упорядоченность процедур на разных этапах усвоения информации и её использования в быту. За каждое новое достижение ребёнок требует родительской похвалы, иначе он не сможет понять, насколько хорошо понял материал. Негативные эмоции следует отложить в сторону, и, если малыш часто устаёт от уроков, делать более длительные перерывы.

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